What is the retina and what is its role?
The retina is a photosensitive layer (a thin membrane of neural tissue) located at the back of the eye. It is the surface where light rays are focused. Through specialized photoreceptor cells, known as rods and cones, visual signals are transmitted via the optic nerve to the brain, where they are processed into coherent images. The central area of the retina responsible for sharp, detailed, and color vision is called macula. The healthy and efficient function of the retina is essential for good vision.
What exactly is retinal detachment?
Retinal detachment is one of the most serious ophthalmological emergency conditions. It occurs when the retina separates from the underlying supportive tissue. This condition develops rapidly and can lead to irreversible vision loss if not treated immediately. Surgical repair—ideally within 24 hours—is crucial to preserve vision. Without timely intervention, retinal detachment can result in severe visual impairment or even complete blindness. Therefore, it is vital for individuals to recognize its symptoms promptly and seek urgent medical attention with a specialized vitreoretinal surgeon.
Why is the condition more common in summer period?
Statistical observations and clinical experience indicate that the incidence of retinal detachment increases during the summer months. This seasonal spike is often associated with heightened physical activity, travel – related stress, exposure to intense sunlight (more ultraviolet exposure), and dehydration—all of which may contribute to changes in the vitreous body of the eye (also known as vitreous humor, a transparent, gel-like substance that fills the space behind the lens) leading to traction on the retina. In addition, many individuals delay seeking care while on vacation, which can worsen the prognosis.
What are the symptoms of retinal detachment?
Patients may notice one or more of the following warning signs:
• Sudden flashes of light (photopsia)
• Floating black spots or shapes (floaters)
• A gray or black shadow, curtain, or veil obscuring part of the visual field
How is retinal detachment treated?
The most effective treatment is surgical intervention, typically using a technique called posterior vitrectomy. This procedure aims to reposition and re-attach the retina, restoring as much vision as possible depending on the timing of the intervention.